Lula da Silva é um preso político. Lula livre!

27/06/2018

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Publicado em Carta Maior –

Manifesto pela libertação de Lula provavelmente reúne a maior coleção de acadêmicos de grande porte a assinar um único documento

Manifestamos aqui nossa profunda preocupação com as circunstâncias nas quais o ex-presidente brasileiro Lula da Silva foi julgado e preso. Sobram evidências de que Lula da Silva foi vítima de uma guerra jurídica (Lawfare), ou seja, abuso de poder judicial para fins políticos. Portanto, a comunidade internacional deve considerá-lo e tratá-lo como um preso político

O julgamento de Lula foi conduzido como parte da chamada Operação Lava Jato, uma investigação sobre pagamentos de propina a executivos da Petrobrás e políticos, alguns dos quais ocorreram enquanto Lula era presidente. Embora críticos afirmem que “Lula deveria saber” ou que “Lula deve ter ganho algo”, não há evidências de sua participação no pagamento de propinas. De acordo com a lei brasileira, a corrupção é uma relação de troca. Para condenar Lula por corrupção, o Ministério Público deveria provar que ele participou das fraudes a licitações e/ou recebeu bens ou valores em contraprestação por tais atos ilícitos.

Em 2016, Lula foi acusado de receber um apartamento modesto da OAS, uma das contratadas da Petrobrás envolvidas no esquema de corrupção. No entanto, não há conversa telefônica gravada, transações bancárias, transferência de fundos ou títulos de propriedade que deem base para a acusação contra Lula. Ele nunca utilizou ou se beneficiou com o apartamento. Pior ainda, mais tarde veio a público a informação de que o mesmo apartamento havia sido dado como garantia pela OAS em transação de empréstimo de longo prazo, não obstante a acusação de que Lula era o dono do imóvel.

A falta de provas incriminatórias foi desconsiderada por Sergio Moro, o juiz responsável pelo caso contra Lula. Moro baseou sua decisão em “colaboração informal” (nem mesmo uma delação premiada) de Leo Pinheiro, proprietário da OAS. Pinheiro já havia sido condenado a 26 anos de prisão quando decidiu “colaborar” e envolver Lula. Ele afirmou que o apartamento era “destinado” a Lula, uma acusação que contradiz outros 73 depoimentos, mas que foi considerada suficiente para o juiz Moro condenar Lula da Silva. A sentença de Pinheiro, por sua vez, foi reduzida para três anos e ele foi posto em regime semiaberto.

Além de não provar que Lula era proprietário do apartamento, o Ministério Público não pode apontar nenhuma ação ou omissão específica que Lula tenha executado para beneficiar a OAS. Lula havia sido acusado de beneficiar essa empresa com três contratos de fornecimento para a Petrobrás. Após meses de investigações, nenhuma prova material nesse sentido foi encontrada. Moro então condenou Lula por ter praticado “atos indeterminados de corrupção” que teriam beneficiado a OAS. Essa categorização inverte o ônus da prova e a presunção de inocência e simplesmente não existe no sistema jurídico brasileiro.

Inadvertidamente, o próprio juiz Moro admitiu que não tinha jurisdição sobre o caso de Lula. Ao julgar um recurso apresentada pela defesa, ele declarou que “jamais afirmou… que os valores obtidos pela Construtora OAS nos contratos com a Petrobrás foram utilizados para pagamento da vantagem indevida para o ex-Presidente”. Se o caso não tem relação com a corrupção da Petrobrás, ele não deveria ter sido julgado por Moro.

Em termos mais simples, pode-se dizer que, no processo de Lula, o magistrado escolheu o réu e, atuando como investigador, promotor e juiz, condenou-o por ter cometido “atos de ofício indeterminados de corrupção”. Tal sentença, pelo seu próprio texto, não encontra sustentação legal e constitucional, inclusive pelas normas brasileiras, uma vez que se refere a “atos indeterminados”. Uma sentença que se refere a crimes “indeterminados” não resiste a qualquer escrutínio jurídico lógico e razoável, sendo completamente Kafkiana. Além disso, a referência a “atos de ofício” é irreal, pois as acusações infundadas que motivaram a sentença de Moro se referem a uma narrativa que começa em 2013, bem depois de Lula ter deixado o cargo.

A guerra jurídica contra Lula também incluiu táticas para manter seu caso sob a jurisdição de Moro a qualquer custo. Em março de 2016, Moro vazou ilegalmente escutas telefônicas envolvendo a presidente em exercício, Dilma Rousseff, que tratavam da nomeação de Lula como Ministro Chefe da Casa Civil da Presidência da República. Moro alegou, novamente sem provas, que essa nomeação era um meio de “obstrução da justiça”, já que, uma vez nomeado para o governo, Lula seria julgado pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) e não pelo próprio Moro. Embora a imparcialidade de Moro tenha sido questionada, o Tribunal Regional Federal da 4a Região (TRF-4), a instância a rever imediatamente o caso de Lula na estrutura judiciária brasileiro, considerou que a Operação Lava Jato era “excepcional” e que as regras “ordinárias” não se lhe aplicavam.

A natureza Kafkiana do julgamento de Lula foi reforçada quando, em agosto de 2017, o Presidente do TRF-4 declarou que a sentença de Moro contra Lula era “tecnicamente irrepreensível”, embora admitisse que nem havia lido o caso. Enquanto isso, sua chefe de gabinete postava em sua página no Facebook uma petição solicitando a prisão de Lula da Silva.

Em seguida, o TRF-4 acelerou a apreciação do caso. O julgamento da apelação contra a sentença de Moro que condenou Lula foi colocado à frente de 257 outros casos pendentes. O relator levou apenas seis dias para concluir sua análise do caso, em um processo que tinha literalmente milhares de páginas e horas de depoimentos. A turma do Tribunal levou 196 dias para julgar a apelação quando, em média, necessita de 473 dias para julgar casos semelhantes. O TRF-4 também ordenou a prisão de Lula tão logo do julgamento da apelação, o que aconteceu com apenas 3 dos outros 20 acusados na Lava Jato, cujos mandados de prisão foram emitidos apenas meses depois.

Lula então pleiteou um Habeas Corpus no Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), visando afastar a possibilidade de prisão imediata, dado que ainda tinha o direito de entrar com recursos. De acordo com a Constituição brasileira, “ninguém será considerado culpado até o trânsito em julgado de sentença penal condenatória”. Dada essa previsão expressa na Constituição, é importante notar o seguinte: a sentença proferida por Moro contra Lula, cuja condenação foi mantida e ampliada pelo TRF-4 (de 9 para 12 anos de prisão), ainda pode ser revista pelos Tribunais Superiores, incluindo o STJ (Superior Tribunal de Justiça) e o STF (Supremo Tribunal Federal), este último a instância mais elevada no país para questões constitucionais.

Em voto decisivo para a negativa do Habeas Corpus a Lula, uma Ministra do STF declarou que teria votado de outra forma se a Corte estivesse analisando a questão constitucional em abstrato, ao invés de sua aplicação específica ao caso de Lula. Na véspera da votação, o Comandante Geral do Exército tuitou uma mensagem para a Corte, dizendo que “o Exército não tolerará a impunidade”. Por essa ameaça velada, ele não recebeu reprimendas, mas sim uma “curtida” vinda da conta do Twitter do mesmo TRF-4 que confirmou a condenação de Lula.

Na manhã seguinte, o juiz que preside o TRF-4 previu, em entrevista à imprensa, que a prisão de Lula não ocorreria em menos de um mês, considerando todos os procedimentos ainda pendentes no tribunal. À tarde, no entanto, o TRF-4 pediu a Moro que ordenasse a prisão de Lula. Moro levou dezenove minutos para proferir decisão, a qual reconhecia que Lula ainda tinha direito a interpor um recurso perante o TRF-4, mas considerava que esse recurso é uma “patologia protelatória” que “deveria ser eliminada do mundo jurídico”.

Não é de surpreender pesquisa recente na qual 55% dos entrevistados no Brasil concordam que “Lula está sendo perseguido pelo Judiciário” e 73% concordam com a afirmação de que “os poderosos o querem fora das eleições” nas quais ele ainda é, de longe, o candidato favorito.

Os abusos do poder judiciário contra Lula da Silva configuram uma perseguição política mal disfarçada sob manto legal. Lula da Silva é um preso político. Sua detenção mancha a democracia brasileira. Os defensores da democracia e da justiça social no Oriente e no Ocidente, no Norte e no Sul do globo, devem se unir a um movimento mundial para exigir a libertação de Lula da Silva.

Tariq Ali – New Left Review (Editor), London
Dean Baker – Center for Economic and Policy Research (senior economist), Washington, D.C.
Fred Block – Research Professor, University of California, Davis
Mark Blyth – Eastman Professor of Political Economy – The Watson Institute for International Affairs – Brown University
Alex Borucki – Director, Latin American Studies Center, Associate Professor, History Department – University of California, Irvine
Robert Brenner – Director, Center for Social Theory and Comparative History – University of California Los Angeles (UCLA)
Wendy Brown – Class of 1936 Chair, University of California, Berkeley
Michael Burawoy – Professor, University of California, Berkeley; Former President of the American Sociological Association (2004) and the International Sociological Association (2010-2014)
Ha-Joon Chang – Director of the Centre of Development Studies, Reader in the Political Economy of Development, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Aviva Chomsky – Professor of History and Coordinator of Latin American Studies, Salem State University
Noam Chomsky – Professor Emeritus at the Institute of Technology (MIT) and laureate professor at the University of Arizona
John Comaroff – Hugh K. Foster Professor of African and African American Studies and of Anthropology – Harvard University
Eve Darian-Smith – Professor Anthropology, Law, and Criminology, Law and Society; Director of International Studies – University of California Irvine
Angela Davis – Distinguished Professor Emerita – University of California, Santa Cruz
Giovanni Dosi – Professor of Economics and Director of the Institute of Economics at the Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna in Pisa; Co-Director IPD – Initiative for Policy Dialogue at Columbia University.
Gérard Duménil – Université Paris 10, Paris, former Research Director at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, French National Center of Scientific Research)
Gary Dymski – Professor of Applied Economics, Leeds University Business School
Peter Evans – Emeritus Professor of Sociology, University of California, Berkeley
Brodwyn Fischer – Director of the Center for Latin American Studies, Professor of History at the University of Chicago.
Neil Fligstein – Class of 1939 Chair, Department of Sociology, University of California, Berkeley
Marion Fourcade, Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, University of California, Berkeley
Stanley A. Gacek – Senior Advisor for Global Strategies – United Food and Commercial Workers International Union (UFCW) – Washington, D.C.
James N. Green – Carlos Manuel de Céspedes Professor of Latin American History – Brown University; Distinguished Visiting Professor (Professor Amit), Hebrew University in Jerusalem
Michael Heinrich – former Professor of Economics at Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft, Berlin
Tamar Herzog – Monroe Gutman Professor of Latin American Affairs, Harvard Law School
Geoffrey Hodgson – Research Professor, University of Hertfordshire – Winner of the 2014 Schumpeter Prize
Axel Honneth – Jack C. Weinstein Professor of the Humanities, Philosophy Department, Columbia University; Director of the Institute for Social Research, Frankfurt/M
Fredric R. Jameson – Knut Schmidt-Nielsen Professor of Comparative Literature – Duke University
Karl Klare – George J. & Kathleen Waters Matthews Distinguished University Professor – School of Law – Northeastern University
Victoria Langland – Director of the Center for Latin American and Caribbean Studies and the Brazil Initiative, University of Michigan
Costas Lapavitsas – University of London (SOAS Japan Research Centre; London Asia Pacific Centre for Social Science – Steering Committee Member)
Marc Lavoie – Senior Research Chair, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité
Mara Loveman – Director of the Sociology Department – University of California, Berkeley
Michael Löwy – Emeritus research director at the CNRS and lecturer at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales (EHESS, Paris, France)
Carlos Marichal – Professor – El Colegio de México, Founder and President of the Mexican Association of Economic History (2000-2004)
Teresa A. Meade – Florence B. Sherwood Professor of History and Culture, Director of Latin American & Caribbean Studies Program, Union College, New York
Elizabeth Mertz, PhD, JD – John & Rylla Bosshard Professor Emerita, University of Wisconsin Law School, Research Professor, American Bar Foundation
Friedrich Müller – Emeritus Full Professor – Heidelberg University Faculty of Law, Germany
Laura Nader – Emeritus Professor of Anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley
António José Avelãs Nunes – Emeritus Full Professor – Coimbra University, Portugal
Erik Olin Wright – Vilas Distinguished Research Professor, University of Wisconsin – Madison
Leonardo Padura – Independent Author – Cuba
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Tianna Paschel – Professor in the Department of African American Studies at the University of California, Berkeley
Carole Pateman – Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Political Science, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), former President of the International Political Science Association (1991–94) and of the American Political Science Association (2010–11).
Thomas Piketty – Professor at EHESS (École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales) and at the Paris School of Economics
Frances Fox Piven – Distinguished Professor of Political Science and Sociology Emeritus, Graduate School of the City University of New York (CUNY)
Robert Pollin – Distinguished Professor of Economics and Co-Director, Political Economy Research Institute (PERI), University of Massachusetts-Amherst
Dylan Riley – Director of Graduate Studies, Professor of Sociology, University of California, Berkeley
Erika Robb Larkins – Associate Professor, Sociology, San Diego State University
Ananya Roy – Professor of Urban Planning, Social Welfare and Geography and inaugural Director of The Institute on Inequality and Democracy at UCLA Luskin
Pierre Salama – Emeritus Professor of Economics – University of Paris XIII
Aaron Schneider – Leo Block Chair/Director, Latin America Center and Program in International Development, University of Denver
Jonathan Simon – Adrian A. Kragen Professor of Law, Faculty Director, Center for the Study of Law & Society, University of California, Berkeley, School of Law
Boaventura de Sousa Santos – University of Coimbra; Distinguished Legal Scholar at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Law School; Global Legal Scholar at the University of Warwick
Guy Standing – FacSS – SOAS University of London
Stanley J. Stein – Walter Samuel Carpenter III Professor in Spanish Civilization and Culture, Emeritus; Professor of History, Emeritus – Princeton University
Wolfgang Streeck – Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies, Cologne, Germany
Göran Therborn – Professor Emeritus of Sociology, University of Cambridge, UK
Robert H. Wade – Professor of Global Political Economy – Department of International Development – London School of Economics (LSE) – Leontief Prize in Economics
Michael J. Watts – “Class of 1963” Emeritus Professor of Geography and Development Studies at the University of California, Berkeley
Barbara Weinstein – Silver Professor of History and chair of the Department of History at New York University, former president of the American Historical Association
Mark Weisbrot – co-director of the Center for Economic and Policy Research and president of Just Foreign Policy, Washington, D.C.
Suzi Weissman – Professor – Saint Mary’s College of California
Slavoj Zizek – University of Ljubljana; Global Distinguished Professor of German at New York University; international director of the Birkbeck Institute for the Humanities of the University of London
Bakhtiyor Abdulhamidov – School of Law, SOAS
Carlos H. Acuña, CONICET/Universidad de Buenos Aires and Universidad Nacional de San Martín
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Alexander Alberro, Virginia Bloedel Wright Professor of Art History, Barnard College/Columbia University, New York City
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Sherna Berger Gluck, Emerita Professor of History, California State University, Long Beach
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Carlos Cortez Minchillo – Assistant professor, Dartmouth College
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Lisa Covert – Assistant Professor, College of Charleston, South Carolina
Raymond B. Craib – Professor of History, Director of the Latin American Studies Program (LASP), Cornell University
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Robert S. DuPlessis – Isaac H. Clothier Professor of History and International Relations Emeritus – Swarthmore College, Pennsylvania
Eduardo Elena – Associate Professor, University of Miami
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Jeffrey Erbig – Latin American and Latino Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz
Arturo Escobar – Professor of Anthropology – The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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Toyin Falola – Jacob and Frances Sanger Mossiker Chair in the Humanities at the University of Texas at Austin
John Faulkner – SOAS, University of London
Gordon Fellman, Professor of Sociology, Brandeis University, , Massachusetts
Débora Ferreira – Professor, Portuguese Program Coordinator, former Member of the Faculty Senate and Chair of Faculty Development Committee, Utah Valley University
Roquinaldo Ferreira – History/Portuguese and Brazilian Studies, Brown University
Denise Ferreira da Silva – Professor and Director, The Social Justice Institute (Gender, Race, Sexuality, and Social Justice), University of British Columbia, Canada
Carlos Figueroa, Ph.D. – Assistant Professor, Politics Department – Ithaca College
Carl Fischer, Modern Languages and Literatures Department, Fordham University
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Frederico Freitas, Ph.D. – Assistant Professor of History, North Carolina State University
Barbara Fritz – Institute for Latin American Studies/School of Business & Economics – Freie Universität Berlin
Leo J. Garofalo, Associate Professor of History, Connecticut College
Florencia Garramuño, full professor and the Chair of the Humanities Department at the Universidad de San Andrés, Argentina
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Gabriel Giorgi – Professor, Department of Spanish and Portuguese Languages and Literatures, New York University
David Theo Goldberg – Director and Professor, Humanities Research Institute, University of California Berkeley
Reena Goldthree – Assistant Professor of African American Studies, Princeton University – Professor of History, Truman State University, Missouri
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Jessica Graham – Professor of History, University of California San Diego
Richard Grossman – PhD, Northeastern Illinois University
Antonio Sergio Alfredo Guimaraes – Visiting Fellow, Lemann Institute of Brazilian Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
David Gullette, Professor Emeritus of English, Simmons College, Boston
Gerard Gunning – University Lecturer at SOAS University of London
María del Mar Gutiérrez Domínguez – El Colegio de México
Martin Halpern – Professor of History Emeritus, Henderson State University, Arkadelphia, Arkansas
Laurence Harris – Professor, SOAS, University of London
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Marc A. Hertzman, Associate Professor and Conrad Humanities Scholar, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Walter L. Hixson – Distinguished Professor of History, University of Akron, Ohio
Elizabeth Quay Hutchison – Professor, Latin American History – President, Faculty Concilium on Latin America and Iberia – Director, Feminist Research Institute – Chair, Committee on Governance – The University of New Mexico
Rafael R. Ioris, Ph.D.- Associate Professor of Latin American History, History Department, Affiliated Faculty, Latin American Center, Joseph Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver
Clara E. Irazábal-Zurita – Director of the Latinx and Latin American Studies Program, Professor of Urban Planning | Department of Architecture, Urban Planning Design (AUPD), University of Missouri – Kansas City
Alexandra Isfahani-Hammond – Associate Professor Emeritus of Comparative Literature And Luso-Brazilian Studies, U.C. San Diego
Thomas Jessen Adams – Academic Coordinator and Lecturer in American Studies and History, United States Studies Centre, University of Sydney
Cedric Johnson – Associate Professor, African American Studies and Political Science – University of Illinois at Chicago
Benjamin Junge, PhD – Associate Professor – State University of New York at New Paltz
Tercio Bretanha Junker, PhD, Dean of the Chapel and Regional Director of Course of Study Program, Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminary, Illinois
Louis Kampf – Professor Emeritus – MIT – Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Temma Kaplan – Distinguished Professor of History, Emerita, Rutgers University
Mary Kay Vaughan – Professor Emerita, University of Maryland
Robin D.G. Kelley – Gary B. Nash Professor of American History at UCLA, former Harmsworth Chair of American History at Oxford University
Gray F. Kidd – Duke University, North Carolina
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Anna M. Klobucka – Professor of Portuguese and Women’s and Gender Studies, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth
Peter Kuznick – Professor of History, Director Nuclear Studies Institute, American University, Washington, D.C.
German Labrador Mendez – Associate Professor, Princeton University
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Dany Lang – Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité/l’Université de Saint Louis (Belgium).
Paul Lauter – Allan K. and Gwendolyn Miles Smith Professor of Literature Emeritus at Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut, former President of the American Studies Association (USA), Francis Andrew March Award 2017.
John Lawrence, Professor Psychology Department, College of Staten Island, City University of New York
Nicole D. Legnani – Assistant Professor of Colonial Latin American Studies – Department of Spanish and Portuguese – Princeton University
Fernando Leiva – Associate Professor, Latin American and Latino Studies, University of California Santa Cruz
María Graciela León Matamoros – Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Cuajimalpa, México
Deborah Levenson – Professor of Latin American History, Boston College
Marilia Librandi – Professor of Luso-Brazilian and Latin American Literature and Cultures, Stanford University
Clara E. Lida – Research-Professor, Chair on Mexico-Spain at the Centro de Estudios Históricos, El Colegio de México
Lisa Lindsay, Bowman and Gordon Gray Distinguished Term Professor, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Maria-Aparecida Lopes – Professor of History, California State University, Fresno
Christopher Lowe, Independent Historian of Africa, Portland, Oregon USA; Ph.D. Yale University
Ryan Lynch – University of California, Santa Barbara
Arthur MacEwan – Professor Emeritus of Economics, University of Massachusetts Boston
Kathleen McAfee – Professor, International Relations, San Francisco State University
Elias Mandala, History professor at University of Rochester, New York, USA
Maxine L. Margolis – Professor Emerita of Anthropology, University of Florida and Adjunct Senior Research Scholar, Institute of Latin American Studies, Columbia University
Irving Leonard Markovitz – Professor of Political Science, The Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY)
Elio Masferrer Kan, Profesor Investigador Emérito, ENAH – Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, México
Marjorie Mayo – Emeritus Professor, Goldsmiths, University of London
Sandra McGee Deutsch – Professor of History, University of Texas at El Paso
Gillian McGillivray, Associate Professor of Latin American History, Glendon College, York University, Canada
Malcolm McNee – Associate Professor of Portuguese and Brazilian Studies, Department of Spanish and Portuguese, Smith College, Massachusetts
Lucía Melgar – Associate Researcher, ITAM, Mexico City, Mexico
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Michael Meeropol – Professor Emeritus of Economics, Western New England University, Springfield, Massachusetts
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Pedro Meira Monteiro – Professor and Chair of the Department of Spanish and Portuguese Studies, Princeton University
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Lorraine C. Minnite – Associate Professor of Public Policy, Rutgers University, Camden
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Michelle Morais de Sa e Silva, PhD – Lecturer in International and Area Studies, Department of International and Area Studies, The University of Oklahoma
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Margaret Power – Professor of History and Chair of the Department of Humanities, Illinois Institute of Technology
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Mary Louise Pratt – Silver Professor in the Department of Social and Cultural Analysis – New York University – former President of the Modern Language Association
Seth Racusen, Associate Professor of Political Science and Criminal Justice, Anna Maria College, Massachusetts
Donald Ramos, Emeritus Professor, Cleveland State University
George Reid Andrews – Distinguished Professor of History, University of Pittsburgh
Peter Ranis – Professor Emeritus of Political Science, City University of New York (CUNY)
Lucía Raphael de la Madrid – Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas – Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)
Marcus Rediker, Distinguished Professor of Atlantic History of the Department of History at University of Pittsburgh
Adolph Reed, Jr. – Professor of Political Science – University of Pennsylvania
Jan Rehmann – Director of the Ph.D Program, Visiting Professor for Critical Theory and Social Analysis, Union Theological Seminary, New York
Russell Rickford – Associate Professor, History Department, Cornell University
Abigail Rian Evans, Charlotte Newcombe Professor of Practical Theology, Emerita, Princeton Theological Seminary, New Jersey
Jonathan Ritter – Associate Professor of Music, University of California Riverside
Dylon Robbins – Department of Spanish & Portuguese/Center for Latin American & Caribbean Studies (CLACS) – New York University
Thomas D. Rogers – Associate Professor, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
Monique Rodrigues Balbuena – Associate Professor of Comparative Literature and Jewish Studies, Clark Honors College, University of Oregon
Manuel Rosaldo – University of California, Berkeley
Karin Rosemblatt – Professor, Department of History, University of Maryland
Robert C. Rosen – William Paterson University, New Jersey
Jennifer Roth-Gordon – Associate Professor, School of Anthropology, University of Arizona
Fábio de Sá e Silva – Professor of International Studies and Wick Cary Professor of Brazilian Studies at the University of Oklahoma
Alfredo Saad Filho – Professor of Political Economy ¬- SOAS University of London
Marco Aurelio Santana – Visiting Scholar, University of California, Berkeley
Patricia de Santana Pinho – Associate Professor, Latin American and Latino Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz
Martha S Santos – Associate Professor, University of Akron, Ohio
David Sartorius – Associate Professor of History and a Faculty Affiliate of the Latin American Studies Center and the Department of Women’s Studies, University of Maryland
Patricia Schor ¬- Lecturer, Social Sciences & Humanities, Amsterdam University College, The Netherlands
Ellen Schrecker – Professor of History, retired, Yeshiva University, New York City
Mark Selden – Senior Research Associate in the East Asia Program, Cornell University, and Professor Emeritus of Sociology and History, State University of New York at Binghamton
Alan Shane Dillingham – Assistant Professor of Latin American History, director of Latin American Studies Minor at Spring Hill College, Mobile, Alabama
Lewis H. Siegelbaum – Jack and Margaret Sweet Professor of History at Michigan State University
Antonio José Bacelar da Silva – Assistant Professor of Latin American Studies – University of Arizona
Subir Sinha – Senior Lecturer in Institutions and Development, SOAS, University of London
Irene Small – Professor, Princeton University
Colin M. Snider – Department of History – University of Texas at Tyler
Greg Snyder – Union Theological Seminary, Columbia University, New York
Andor Skotnes, Professor of History, The Sage Colleges, Troy and Albany, New York
William C. Smith – Professor of Political Science, University of Miami
Ted Steinberg – Adeline Barry Davee Distinguished Professor of History and Professor of Law at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland
Steve Striffler, Director of the Labor Resource Center, College of Liberal Arts, University of Massachusetts Boston (UMass)
Susan Sugarman – Professor of Psychology, Princeton University
David Swanson – Author, Director World BEYOND War, M.A. University of Virginia
Robert C.H. Sweeny – Honorary Research Professor, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada
Howie Swerdloff – Instructor, The Writing Program, Rutgers University
Laura Tabili – Professor of History, Arizona University
Horacio Tarcus – CeDInCI, Conicet, Argentina
Rebecca Tarlau – Professor, The Pennsylvania State University
Sinclair Thomson, Associate Professor of History, New York University (NYU)
Enzo Traverso – Simon and Barton Winokur Professor in the Humanities, Cornell University
Mario Trujillo Bolio – Profesor Investigador Titular Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social – CIESAS Ciudad de México
Cihan Tugal – Associate Professor of Sociology, University of California, Berkeley
Ivonne del Valle – Associate Professor of Colonial Studies, Department of Spanish and Portuguese, UC Berkeley
Diana Tussie, FLACSO , Argentina
Joel Vargas-Domínguez – Centro de Investigaciones Interdisciplinarias en Ciencias y Humanidades (CEIICH), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) – Mexico
Eleni Varikas – Emerita Professor of Political Science and Gender Studies, University of Paris 8, CRESPPA (CNRS)
Roberto Vecchi – Full Professor of Portuguese and Brazilian Studies, former Director of the Department of the Modern Languages, Literatures and Cultures, University of Bologna, Italy
Miguel Vedda – Full Professor – University of Buenos Aires (UBA)
Alejandro Velasco, Ph.D. – Associate Professor of Modern Latin America, Gallatin School and Department of History, New York University
Matías Vernengo – Full Professor – Bucknell University, Pennsylvania
Matthew Vitz – Assistant Professor, Department of History, University of California, San Diego
Juan Pablo Vivaldo Martínez, Professor, UNAM
Steven S. Volk – Professor of History, Emeritus, Director, Center for Teaching, Innovation, and Excellence, Oberlin College, Ohio
Victor Wallis – professor, Liberal Arts Dept., Berklee College of Music
Ellie Walsh, Ph.D. – Associate Professor of History & Social Sciences, Affiliated Faculty, Gender and Sexuality Studies Program, College of Arts and Letters, Governors State University, Illinois
Valeria Wasserman Chomsky – Translator, ArtVentures Cultural Projects and Translations
Helen Webb, Lecturer of Foreign Languages Emerita, University of Pennsylvania
John Weeks – Professor Emeritus of Economics – SOAS – University of London
Max Weiss, Associate Professor, Departments of History and Near Eastern Studies, Princeton University
Kirsten Weld – John L. Loeb Associate Professor of the Social Sciences, Department of History, Harvard University
Robert Wilcox – Professor of History, Northern Kentucky University
Richard Williams – Lecturer, SOAS, University of London
Howard Winant – Distinguished Professor of Sociology – University of California, Santa Barbara
Joel Wolfe – Professor of History, University of Massachusetts Amherst
John Womack – Professor Of The History of Latin America, Emeritus, Harvard University
James Woodard – Associate Professor of History, Montclair State University, New Jersey
Owen Worth – Senior Lecturer in International Relations – University of Limerick, Ireland
Galip Yalman – Assoc.Prof. Dr., Middle East Technical University, Ankara – Turkey
Pedro Paulo Zahluth Bastos – Visiting Scholar, University of California, Berkeley
Francisco Zapata, Professor of Sociology, El Colegio de México
Pat Zavella – Professor Emerita, Latin American and Latino Studies Department, University of California, Santa Cruz
Tukufu Zuberi – Professor of Sociology and African Studies – University of Pennsylvania

The manifesto was organized by Erika Robb Larkins, James N. Green, Peter Evans, Rebecca Tarlau and Stanley Gacek.

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